Quaternion

class compas.geometry.Quaternion(w, x, y, z)[source]

Bases: compas.geometry.primitives._primitive.Primitive

Creates a Quaternion object.

Parameters

w (float) – The scalar (real) part of a quaternion.
x, y, z (float) – Components of the vector (complex, imaginary) part of a quaternion.

Attributes

wxyz (list of float, read-only) – Quaternion data listing the real part first.
xyzw (list of float, read-only) – Quaternion data listing the real part last.
norm (float, read-only) – The length of the quaternion.
is_unit (bool, read-only) – True if the quaternion has unit length.

Notes

The default convention to represent a quaternion $q$ in this module is by four real values $w$ , $x$ , $y$ , $z$ . The first value $w$ is the scalar (real) part, and $x$ , $y$ , $z$ form the vector (complex, imaginary) part 1, so that:

$q = w + xi + yj + zk$

where $i, j, k$ are basis components with following multiplication rules 2:

$\begin{split}\begin{align} ii &= jj = kk = ijk = -1 \\ ij &= k, \quad ji = -k \\ jk &= i, \quad kj = -i \\ ki &= j, \quad ik = -j \end{align}\end{split}$

Quaternions are associative but not commutative.

Quaternion as rotation.

A rotation through an angle $\theta$ around an axis defined by a euclidean unit vector $u = u_{x}i + u_{y}j + u_{z}k$ can be represented as a quaternion:

$q = cos(\frac{\theta}{2}) + sin(\frac{\theta}{2}) [u_{x}i + u_{y}j + u_{z}k]$

i.e.:

$\begin{split}\begin{align} w &= cos(\frac{\theta}{2}) \\ x &= sin(\frac{\theta}{2}) u_{x} \\ y &= sin(\frac{\theta}{2}) u_{y} \\ z &= sin(\frac{\theta}{2}) u_{z} \end{align}\end{split}$

For a quaternion to represent a rotation or orientation, it must be unit-length. A quaternion representing a rotation $p$ resulting from applying a rotation $r$ to a rotation $q$ , i.e.: $p = rq$ , is also unit-length.

References

1: http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Quaternion.html
2: http://mathworld.wolfram.com/HamiltonsRules.html
3: https://github.com/matthew-brett/transforms3d/blob/master/transforms3d/quaternions.py

Examples

>>> Q = Quaternion(1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0).unitized()
>>> R = Quaternion(0.0,-0.1, 0.2,-0.3).unitized()
>>> P = R*Q
>>> P.is_unit
True

Methods

`canonize`()	Makes the quaternion canonic.
`canonized`()	Returns a quaternion in canonic form.
`conjugate`()	Conjugate the quaternion.
`conjugated`()	Returns a conjugate quaternion.
`copy`()	Makes a copy of this primitive.
`from_data`(data)	Construct a quaternion from a data dict.
`from_frame`(frame)	Creates a quaternion object from a frame.
`from_json`(filepath)	Construct a primitive from structured data contained in a json file.
`from_matrix`(M)	Create a `Quaternion` from a transformation matrix.
`from_rotation`(R)	Create a `Quaternion` from a `compas.geometry.Rotatation`.
`to_data`()	Returns the data dictionary that represents the primitive.
`to_json`(filepath)	Serialise the structured data representing the primitive to json.
`transform`(transformation)	Transform the primitive.
`transformed`(transformation)	Returns a transformed copy of this primitive.
`unitize`()	Scales the quaternion to make it unit-length.
`unitized`()	Returns a quaternion with a unit-length.
`validate_data`()	Validate the data of this object against its data schema (self.DATASCHEMA).
`validate_json`()	Validate the data loaded from a JSON representation of the data of this object against its data schema (self.DATASCHEMA).

Quaternion

COMPAS